Social Policy Action Plan for Rich and Poor Gap issue in Bhutan
Introduction
Bhutan is a country in Eastern Himalayas, bordered by China and India. Over the years, Bhutan has been exposed to opportunities and challenges from the influence of bordering countries which have a faster developing economy. With a lower population if compared to China and India, the gap between the poor and the rich has been a challenge, and moderating income inequality should be the policy to be guided by the best social action plan in Bhutan. Rich people in Bhutan control economic activities and coordinates with political leaders to benefit from most of the national resources. The poor people in Bhutan strain to pay their taxes and are exposed to poor living standards, low-quality education, and health (Schmidt, 2017). Issues resulting from the gap between the rich and the poor in Bhutan can be resolved by the creation of a social action plan that limits the rich people in Bhutan from exploiting the poor. Limiting gaps between poor and rich may be through moderating income of the rich, and having varying taxes between the different social classes in Bhutan. As rich citizens in Bhutan join developmental agendas, they spread inequality ideologies like denying the poor from acquiring better job opportunities in the international market. With a population of approximately 700,000 people, citizens of Bhutan should coordinate in business to influence faster developments as witnessed in China and India, which are Bhutan’s neighbors. Reducing inequality, especially in people’s income, is the best social policy action plan to help citizens of Bhutan develop their economy amidst the gap between the poor and the rich. Therefore, the paper explores the policy changes of reducing inequality as the action plan to deal with developmental issues resulting from the gap between the poor and the rich.
Description of the Policy Challenge
The policy of moderating inequality is needed in Bhutan. Bhutan’s constitution provides for equality policies in business, but as rich people venture in international business after coordinating with Chinese, they deny the poor people opportunities to expand their business activities, resulting in inequality. Reducing inequality in different government sectors in Bhutan constitutes the changes to be supported by modern action plans. Moderating income inequality in Bhutan is a change that will ensure gaps in education, health, and other institutions are avoided among the poor and rich people in Bhutan. Differences in social classes in Bhutan is attributed to the inequality challenge, and an action plan to reduce inequality in social, economic and political activities will enhance uniform developments in all regions in Bhutan (Brassard, 2017). The national poverty line in Bhutan is at 740.36 Nu. every month and such estimation may change if inequality reduces, and all citizens in Bhutan participate equally in domestic and international business. Research by modern scholars reveals that inequality level in Bhutan is high. Rich people consume approximately eight times than poor, and this makes the rich and poor gap an issue slowing down the developmental agendas in Bhutan. With more than 75% of people in Bhutan practicing agriculture and livestock keeping, exploitation from the rich will stagnate the economy and make poor people remain with low living standards.
Reducing inequality should be the action plan that will ensure poor people are not discriminated by the rich in the job market. Employers who support institutionalized discrimination in favor of rich people are to be fined in courts of law. Therefore, the social policy of moderating inequality in Bhutan should involve the effort of government executives, social workers, and economists in Bhutan. The action plan recommendable in reducing inequality in Bhutan should involve regulating social spending, progressive taxation, and respecting labor rights to increase wages for poor people in Bhutan. Economic empowerment will not be realized in Bhutan if the government does not fight to reduce inequality. The gap between the rich and poor in Bhutan should be considered in determining steps to reduce inequality. Before the establishment of the eleventh five-year plan in Bhutan, wealthy merchants in Bhutan took advantage of their social gaps with poor to subject them to heavy duties with lower wages. The eleventh five-year plan was proposed by the government of Bhutan to help moderate inequalities in income generation and promote faster developments since the country has been experiencing slow developments over the years (Gross National Happiness Commission, 2013). The royal government of Bhutan through the eleventh five-year plan influenced transformative changes in the economy and other vital sectors of the nation.
The Context of the new policy change on ending Inequality
The problem of inequality occurs in most regions in Bhutan. The context of the new policy on moderating income inequality is applied within Bhutan, a country in the eastern edge of Himalayas. The economic issues resulting from the gap between the rich and the poor contributes to the problem of income inequality since rich people enjoy a monopoly in the domestic and international market. The problem of income inequality is very big to people of Bhutan because it influences disparities in healthcare services, differences in education quality, and spreads institutionalized discrimination. If inequality is not resolved through the best action plans, Bhutan will remain undeveloped despite the fact that it is surrounded by China, which is a country with the fastest developing economy in the world. Income inequalities is a problem involving rich people in Bhutan and political leaders who support merchants’ activities of monopolizing business operations while discriminating the poor in the job market (Lawson & Martin, 2018). Inequality policy action will rely on the efforts of government officials in Bhutan to undermine the unequal distribution of resources.
The Bhutan government should ensure the inequality policy change is implemented to ensure people who undermine equality in social spending on public services like health and education are fined by the criminal justice system. Also, Bhutan’s government should take a pathway its policy changes through progressive taxation to ensure the rich people are levied more taxes in their business to help in funding public projects that benefit the poor. If taxation is not increased among the rich, poor people will continue perishing in poverty and with little support from the government of Bhutan. Another pathway in moderating the income inequality is through Bhutan’s government authorizing higher wages for the poor workers and increasing compensation benefits in case of accidents (Lawson & Martin, 2018). Women should be considered when employers are exercising labor rights in Bhutan.
The language used to address the income inequality in Bhutan
In Bhutan, the government has introduced a new language to help fight income inequalities for faster developments. The language introduced was related to the governance of natural resources to ensure poor people benefit from national amenities. The new policy language ‘Ending income inequalities’ is supported to ensure government and non-governmental bodies coordinate to moderate the income of the rich and the poor in Bhutan. New policy language will help citizens in Bhutan to narrow their economic gaps and get rid of intense poverty affecting their daily life. New policy language help break down social barriers that contribute to poverty and inequalities in Bhutan (Dukpa, 2019). Social barriers result from lack of people interacting closely due to differences in their social classes. Rich people in Bhutan should get out of comfort zone and be ready to interact with the poor to ensure they modify the income inequalities so that the economy can develop uniformly. Rich and poor in Bhutan are separated for lack of developing effective interaction platforms.
A new policy language on ending inequalities in Bhutan will help unify all citizens, hence allow children of the rich and the poor to interact in public schools and learn together. Property taxes should not result in inequalities in the different public schools in Bhutan. Also, the introduction of a language to advocate for income inequalities will influence initiatives to increase wages among ordinary workers in Bhutan. A language to guide action plans of ending inequalities should integrate the demands of all people in Bhutan. New policy language should not favor the rich or poor alone but all members of the society in Bhutan. A new policy language that support one group widens the gaps between the rich and the poor. The new policy language of ‘ending inequalities’ in Bhutan help ordinary workers to have a ‘voice’ in the workplace environment. Workers by use of new policy language argue on their rights and advocate for an increase in wages whenever their business organizations request them to work extra hours when there is customers’ influx (Dukpa, 2019). Being an Asian country, Bhutan will benefit from a language of ‘ending inequality’ since international business communities will target business operations at Thimphu and other towns in Bhutan. Economists and government officials are the experts to guide on new policy language in Bhutan, which will help reduce discrimination in business operations in Bhutan.
Advocating for Change on new policy change in Bhutan
In Bhutan, the issue of moderating income inequality and other forms of inequalities that result in extreme poverty will be addressed through business reports. Reports written to governmental departments in Bhutan on the danger of gaps between the poor and rich will help national leaders in their agendas to address the new policy of moderating income inequality. Political power will be used to address the policy of moderating income inequalities in Bhutan. To ensure political power effectively address new changes on developmental policies, social workers and economists in Bhutan should organize forums with political leaders to enlighten them on the need of supporting action plans that end inequalities in Bhutan. Economists effectively explain on the need to end inequalities in Bhutan’s stock market, which include promoting faster developments and helping poor citizens advance their living conditions.
The power used in advocating for new policy changes in Bhutan and other developing countries prioritize campaigns where both the poor and rich gather to listen to the role of new policy changes. If campaigns are not conducted in public, social media platforms and government websites are used. Through social media, the demands of new policy changes are outlined, and then citizens are given an opportunity to respond while agreeing or disagreeing with policy changes. In Bhutan, majority of people especially from poor backgrounds supported moderation of income inequalities as the new changes that will ensure rich are levied reasonable tax and equality maintains in the allocation of job opportunities for ordinary citizens in Bhutan’s stock market (Tobden, 2017). Before political power proceeds to implement the new policy changes on inequality, mainstream media in Bhutan should sensitize local citizens to raise petitions denying implementation of policies to end inequalities, if they feel uncomfortable with the new policies. In Bhutan, networking opportunities will improve after gaps between the poor and rich are narrowed. Moderating income inequalities which occur after implementation of policy changes will make Bhutan fall under a new millennium path where there is balanced economic development, sustainable environmental conservation measures, informed decisions from governing bodies and transformative culture and heritage.
Recommendations on moderating income inequalities fall under the consultation phase of the policy cycle. The consultation phase will guide content experts from Bhutan to discuss how the new policy of moderating income inequalities will result in uniform economic development and narrow gaps between the rich and poor. Consultation phase help determine the appropriateness of new policy changes in resolving the issue of inequality and intense poverty in Bhutan, which results from wide gaps between the poor and the rich (Hertel, 2019). The recommendations under consultation phase are useful in identifying the problem of inequality and poverty among citizens of Bhutan. Also, recommendations under consultation phase help in proposing the need for political powers to implement the new policy changes. Impact evaluation is also addressed under the recommendation’s consultation phase. Public campaigns and volunteering to create awareness on the essence of new inequality policy changes are important in the implementation of new social policy changes in Bhutan. In modern days, the consultation phase is prioritized in operations of a new policy cycle. Consultation phase addressing issues of policy uses surveys, committee processes, teleconference, and credible webpages to analyze the future implications of the new policy changes targeted for implementation.
After new policy changes are enacted in Bhutan to end inequality, issues resulting from gaps between rich and poor will be solved, and different societies will develop uniformly in Bhutan. Social indicators of a successful policy change in Bhutan include an increase in the number of students enrolled in both private and public schools in Bhutan, better access to safe sanitation among citizens in Bhutan and increased networking in business resulting in faster economic developments (Tobden, 2017). After the implementation of new policy changes to end inequality, the Royal Government of Bhutan advises businesspeople in the country to integrate technology in daily operations for it simplifies work procedures in modern industries and influences faster developments.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Bhutan is a country in the eastern Himalayas. The inequalities in Bhutan results from the wide gaps between the poor and the rich. Supporting policy changes in ending inequality is necessary to ensure Bhutan develops its economy faster to match that of China and India, which are two countries bordering Bhutan in South Asia.
References
Brassard, C. (2017). Disaster Governance, Inequality and Poverty Alleviation in Bhutan: Towards Integrated and Preventive Policies. Development Challenges in Bhutan, 171-201. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47925-5_9
Dukpa, L. (2019). Language policy in Bhutan. The Routledge International Handbook of Language Education Policy in Asia, 355-363. doi:10.4324/9781315666235-25
Gross National Happiness Commission. (2013). Eleventh Five Year Plan Document. Royal Government of Bhutan. Retrieved from http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/bhu168575.pdf
Hertel, S. (2019). Policy Implications of Changes in Stakeholder Consultation. Tethered Fates, 133-162. doi:10.1093/oso/9780190903831.003.0006
Lawson, M., & Martin, M. (2018). The Commitment to Reducing Inequality Index 2018: A global ranking of governments based on what they are doing to tackle the gap between rich and poor. doi:10.21201/2018.3415
Schmidt, J. D. (2017). Development Challenges in Bhutan: Perspectives on Inequality and Gross National Happiness. Development Challenges in Bhutan, 1-16. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47925-5_1
Tobden, T. (2017). Dynamics and Sources of Expenditure Inequality in Bhutan: Theil and Blinder Oaxaca Decomposition Analysis. Business and Economics Journal, 08(03). doi:10.4172/2151-6219.1000314
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