Information Systems in Healthcare Annotated Bibliography

Annotated Bibliography: Information Systems in Healthcare

Lintern, G., & Motavalli, A. (2018). Healthcare information systems: The cognitive challenge. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 18(1). DOI: 10.1186/s12911-018-0584-z

In this article, Gavan Lintern and Al Motavalli argue that the design of healthcare information systems must consider the cognitive capabilities and skills deployed by all stakeholders involved in patient care, including the patients and their families. They argue that the analysis and design of supporting technology must adhere to the cognitive and adaptive demands and strategies employed by healthcare practitioners. Lintern and Motavalli note that healthcare technology does not account for the vital role cognition plays in healthcare. Further, practitioners do not observe it in their analysis and fail to develop its support structure in the design process. By reviewing and analyzing several case studies, Lintern and Motavalli prove that healthcare information systems that are not designed from cognitive analysis and design framework fail to consider vital healthcare work processes and workflows. On the contrary, systems established in a cognitively-focused design show it is possible to invent technology that considers and augments the work strategies for those responsible in healthcare. The authors conclude that the structure of developing technology must be sensitive to cognitive demands and strategies used by medical practitioners.

Almunawar, M. N., & Anshari, M. N. (2012). Health information systems (HIS): Concept and technology. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221710863_Health_Information_Systems_HIS_Concept_and_Technology

Almunawar and Anshari define a health information system as the connection between healthcare’s business process and information systems to deliver quality services to patients. They describe the nature of the healthcare industry as highly impacted by economic, socio-political, and economic factors that have transformed over time. The article addresses vital concepts and terminologies in healthcare to give a sophisticated view of the health information system. Also, the authors briefly summarize related technological milestones and main events. The trends and rapid development of information technologies in healthcare are also addressed in the article. Almunawar and Anshari discovered that one of the most astonishing features of the health information system is how to manage the association between health practitioner and patients. They argue that nurturing a healthy relationship with patients would build their trust in the healthcare facility and consequently establish a greater reciprocated understanding and gratification. Furthermore, it would encourage patients to participate in decision-making. The article further states that healthcare is rapidly undergoing a paradigm shift from industrial age medicine to information age healthcare and, as such, the physician-patient relationship is likely to transform.

Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V., Emami, M., & Mehrolhassani, M. H. (2015). Health information system in primary health care: The challenges and barriers from local providers’ perspective of an area in Iran. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 6. DOI: 10.4103/2008-7802.160056

Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Emami, and Mehrolhassani state that health information systems (HIS) have been used to collect, store, process, and transfer necessary data to be employed in planning and decision-making at different levels for provision of quality services in the health sector. The study investigates the challenges and barriers that healthcare providers face when managing HISs. The authors employed a qualitative approach using semi-structured audiotaped focus group discussions (FDGs). The discussions from the FDGs, who included health technicians, physicians, statisticians, and other health professionals, were transcribed and analyzed using the framework analysis method. After careful examination, the identified barriers and challenges were grouped into two: HIS structure and the model of PHC in urban areas. Structural challenges were classified as either HIS management structure or information process. The authors discovered that a HIS is efficient and effective when there is uniformity and integrity between process aspects and supplies. Thus, multifaceted intercessions, including reinforcing the hierarchical culture to utilize the data in decision-making, disposing of infrastructural obstructions, appointing qualified staff, and more venture for service conveyance, are the most important aspects of a high-quality HIS in PHC.

Khalifa, M., & Alswailem, O. (2015). Hospital information systems (HIS) acceptance and satisfaction: A case study of a tertiary care hospital. Procedia Computer Science, 63, 198–204. DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2015.08.334

This study by Khalifa and Alswailem aims to determine hospital information systems’ acceptance by relevant stakeholders by analyzing the influential aspects that may increase or decrease the reception and gratification among various healthcare professionals. The authors also offer solutions for successful HIS implementation. For reliable results, the study used objective quantitative survey methods to collect and analyze data from different HIS users. The researchers discovered that the availability of computers in hospitals was the most influential factor in facilitating direct and immediate data entry and the process of retrieving of information when health practitioners are at the point of care. In cases of slow performance and responsiveness, the study established that HIS may slow the process of care delivery and, as such, increase the time spent by patients in healthcare facilities. Khalifa and Alswailem recommend that acquiring fast computers is crucial to improving HIS performance. Also, using innovative methods such as automated voice recognition technology can reduce data entry workload and improve information quality. The study recommends the use of reliable channels of communication and feedback to consider patients’ complaints, suggestions, and contributions.

Horvath, K., P. Sengstack, F. Opelka, A. B. Kitts, P. Basch, D. Hoyt, A. Ommaya, P. Cipriano, K. Kawamoto, H. L. Paz, J. M. Overhage. 2018. A vision for a person-centred health information system. NAM Perspectives. Discussion Paper, National Academy of Medicine, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.31478/201810a

Horvath et al. present a discussion paper that analyzes a health information system that has a minimal cognitive and administrative burden, and provides smooth usability for patients and practitioners who care for them. Furthermore, the study supports the evolving high-care value that includes aspects such as the promotion of patient wellness. The authors suggest the implementation of a Person-Centered Health Information System (PCHIS), remarking that it will make health information technology accessible and easily understood by both the patient and practitioner. They also assert that PCHIS will revolutionize healthcare delivery and use of information. It will also provide a customized interface for practitioners and patients, which will ease the collection and use of data.

References

Lintern, G., & Motavalli, A. (2018). Healthcare information systems: The cognitive challenge. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 18(1). DOI: 10.1186/s12911-018-0584-z

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