Deforestation and Its Effects on Environment

In the last couple of years, world nations have continued to push for environmental conservation policies aimed at curbing environmental issues such as global warming. Governments from across the world agree that there is an apparent need to protect the ecosystem to ensure the safety and security of animals and humans. Population growth and the need to clear more lands for settlement have gradually led to the loss of trees and vegetation, a factor scholars believe is among the leading causes of the adverse climate issues affecting contemporary society. Deforestation leads to issues such as desertification, climate changes, soil erosion, and flooding, all extreme environmental issues that affect the safety of the ecosystem.

Understanding Deforestation

Deforestation is an issue that has continued to affect many nations around the world. Currently, it is a global problem with adverse effects on the environment and has serious economic issues, some that are yet to be understood. The term deforestation is the destruction of natural forests due to activities, for instance, logging, agriculture, mining operations, and oil extraction. Logging, which is illegal in most nations, accounts for the destruction of more than thirty-million acres of earth’s natural forests annually. Notably, not all logging is intentional. In some cases, deforestation can be influenced by a series of natural processes as well as human interests. Wildfires also claim large sections of forests each year and prevent the growth of new trees and vegetation.

Thirty percent of the earth’s service is covered in forests. However, thirteen million acres of forests are cleared for agriculture and other purposes annually. Out of this figure, about six-million acres is the primary forest, which is defined as native species with no visible human activities and where the environmental processes are undisturbed. Environmental conservation processes such as reforestation programs and landscape restoration have helped to slow the overall rate of deforestation around the world. However, studies show that about seven million acres of forests around the world are lost each year. Tropical forests, for instance, the Congo, Indonesia, and the Amazon forest, are currently at risk following hiking cases of deforestation. Considering the current rate of deforestation, tropical rainforests are likely to be wiped out within the next century. So far, West Africa has lost approximately ninety percent of its coastal rainforests and deforestation in Asia is also threatening the ecosystem. Nations such as Brazil and Madagascar have lost about ninety-percent of their forests. Following the extreme environmental impacts of deforestation, it has already been declared national security.

Reasons why Deforestation is Still a Problem

Scientific studies show that approximately eighty-percent of all special elements in the world, including those yet to be discovered, live within tropical rain forests. With this in mind, deforestation in these areas affects important habitats, disturbs ecosystems, and leads to the extinction of various species, including those used to make medications used to cure some of the world’s most serious health complications. In an article published by the World Bank, deforestation is now a nuisance for natural medicine. Around the world, medical scholars use components derived from plants to determine their health impacts. About eighty-percent of developing nations depend on traditional medication for basic medical care (World Bank, 2015). Internationally, medical plants are a multi-billion dollar business. Sadly, the hiking cases of deforestation around the world are threatening. Out of the thousands of known medicinal plants, about a fifth are at risk of extinction. Scientists argue that if these forests are not protected from deforestation, the world health structure will collapse.

Deforestation has also been linked to global warming. Among the many benefits of forests is that they slow down climate change. Forests trap greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, thus ensuring they do not accumulate in the atmosphere and cause high temperatures around the world. Deforestation gets rid of this cover, thus allowing greenhouse gases to escape to the atmosphere. Studies show that deforestation increases the rate at which carbon dioxide compared to the total amount of toxins released by cars and trucks in the world. According to reports by World Carefree Networks, automobiles are responsible for fourteen percent of world gas emissions, while scientists attribute a hike of fifteen percent to deforestation (Scientific American, 2012). Environmentalists argue that there is a need to protect forests from deforestation and dilapidation if the world hopes to reduce emissions to the levels required to protect the world against the negative impacts of global warming (Union of Concerned Scientists). They argue that unless the world changes its current systems that reward the destruction of natural forests, deforestation will release about two-hundred billion tons of carbon into the atmosphere in the coming years.

Deforestation also leads to soil erosion. Soil consists of various species that create a dynamic and complicated ecosystem and is one of the most precious resources in the world. The increased demand for agriculture and agricultural products has continued to generate incentives to convert natural forests to farmlands. When forests are cleared, the soil is left bare, making it easy for the soil to be washed away during rainy and windy days. Environmentalists argue that most of the topsoil has so far been lost. Additionally, agricultural processes aimed at improving production also affect the quality of soil (Derouin, 2019). The negative impacts of soil erosion go beyond the degradation of fertile lands. It increases pollution as well as sedimentation in water sources and clogs waterways, which affects the life of marine animals. Further, degraded lands are unable to hold moisture, which means they are unable to support the growth of trees and other vegetation, a factor that leads to drought and famine. Environmentalists posit that sustainable use of land can help to lessen the effects of agriculture, prevent soil degradation, and prevent loss of valuable land.

Conclusion

Deforestation is among the leading causes of many of the extreme climate changes witnessed in the current society. Factors such as population growth and the need for land for agriculture and other human activities lead to deforestation. Sadly, deforestation has continued to affect the environment by causing issues such as global warming and soil erosion. Trees and vegetation ensure that harmful greenhouse gases do not escape to the atmosphere. However, deforestation reduces this cover, thus allowing gases such as Methane and Carbon Dioxide seep into the atmosphere leading to global warming. Deforestation further causes soil erosion, which reduces the ability of soil to support agriculture or the growth of trees and other vegetation. Strangely, even with the impacts of deforestation seen witnessed in contemporary society, nations around the world still struggle with deforestation. Further, it is imperative for society to implement effective policies to help curb the level of deforestation seen today

References

Derouin, S. (2019, November 6). Deforestation: Facts, causes & effects. livescience.com. https://www.livescience.com/27692-deforestation.html

Scientific American. (2012, November 13). Deforestation and its extreme effect on global warming. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/deforestation-and-global-warming/

Union of Concerned Scientists. (n.d.). Tropical deforestation and global warming. https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/tropical-deforestation-and-global-warming

World Bank. (2015, January 13). Deforestation, a headache for natural medicine. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2015/01/13/la-deforestacion-un-dolor-de-cabeza-para-la-medicina-natural

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