Application of Critical Thinking and Decision Making in Real life
Introduction
Undertaking a course in Critical Thinking and Decision Making has major advantages to the lives of individuals both in their place of work and in their daily living activities. Critical thinking enables one to be critical in every situation they are posed with, an attribute that will lead to effective managerial decision making. In everyday living, man is faced with complicated situations where they are expected to make decisions which will either have temporary or permanent effects on a matter. Therefore, it is important for one to seek further clarity on the essentials of taking part in a course where Critical Thinking and Decision Making is taught.
Being part of this class has been essential in life since I am capable of identifying some of the vital topics which can be of major help in taking part in daily living. Over the past few weeks attending class, there are some topics which were identified and have proven that they might become handy in everyday living. Some of the topics already discussed in class which has proven helpful and will certainly be more helpful in daily living and professional matters include Logic (inductive reasoning), critical thinking, self-awareness, the concept of psychological contracts, and the idea discussed in class about coming up with a conclusion. These topics are extensively discussed in the following section of the paper with the creation of links between concepts learned in class and how they can be applied in daily living making the better part of the paper.
Inductive Reasoning in Logical Thoughts
In week two, logical reasoning was introduced in class. Logical reasoning refers to the use of rational, systematic steps which are based on mathematical statements and truth factors also referred to as given statements to come up with a conclusion about a matter. There are three types of logical reasoning which are deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning, and abductive reasoning. However, practicing my freedom of choice, I consider inductive reasoning more essential than the other forms of logic reasoning. Therefore, it is well discussed in the following section,
It has been identified that there are two forms of inductive reasoning which are formal inductive reasoning and informal inductive reasoning. In inductive logic, arguments do not follow the structure of truth in the premise relatively reflecting the truth in the conclusion. People who reason by applying inductive logic always have the notion that though the premise of an argument may be real, there is a possibility that the conclusion may be false. Conclusions arrived at using the inductive reasoning model will in most case leave room for errors. Therefore, inductive reasoning may be applied in making decisions which are either based on truth factors or false factors. By conductive further readings on the same, I was able to identify that inductive reasoning uses numerals and trends. The first step in making a logical thought through inductive reasoning is the identification of a trend and making a general statement about it. From then, the general statements one will then advance from making general inferences to more specific statements. Though inductive logic might have some false statements in the conclusion, it is still efficient studying certain conditions.
Real life application of inductive reasoning as a manager is seen when I, the manager tasked with a certain duty to perform notices a trend which might have effects on the organization. In day to day managerial activities, a good manager will notice some trends in the organization. Coming up with a logical means of deducing information about the trend which may form an argument from the noticed trend and ultimately concluding on the matter is well enabled through the use of inductive reasoning. I was in such a situation when I was holding the managerial position of a small business before I joined the school for my master’s degree. I had noticed a loop trend through which the business would have suffered losses. Inductive reasoning helped us as the business to come up with a conclusion on the same matter as well.
Critical Thinking
From as early as the first week, we were introduced to critical thinking in class. In class, critical thinking was defined as a purposeful method for enhancing ones thought beyond your automatic everyday way of thinking. However, a comprehensive definition of critical thinking may be put as an intellectually disciplined process which encompasses active and skillful conceptualization, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation of information which might have been gathered from the use of the different information gathering techniques (McPeck, 2016). Critical thinking plays a vital role in the lives of all individuals in both their professional and their personal levels. Comprehending the critical thinking process is essential for management purposes.
In my personal life as a student, critical thinking will help me discover information and ideas through seeking clarity, making conclusions, and coming up with decisions about important aspects of daily living. Critical thinking in this perspective is defined in the critical thinking framework as a connection among the three factors mentioned above i.e., clarity, conclusions, and decisions before such that the factors are interconnected and they are reversible, showing that they employ mutual relationship (McPeck, 2016).
In a few months, Australians will be expected to take it to the polls and chose their federal leaders in the much-awaited elections. Every citizen who is legible to take part in the election is thus supposed to practice critical thinking in the choices they are expected to take. Choosing which political affiliation one is to support is a subject of the application of critical thinking. Identifying some of the critical resonations why supporting a certain leader and leaving out the other one in the political elections will require that comprehensive critical thinking is used.
Self-Awareness
Self-awareness is a simple tool of understanding and knowing oneself. In most cases, self-awareness refers to conscious knowledge of a person’s own character and feelings (Caldwell & Hayes, 2016). In the lecture, self-awareness is termed as the intellectual trait of all good leaders. Self-awareness basically rotates around key values such as personality traits, personal values, habits, emotions, and psychological needs. Realizing self-awareness might be hard but with the application of a majority of comprehensive tools, one is able to easily identify whether he/she understands himself or herself better.
In managerial tasks, an individual is expected to be aware of who he/she is before they are entrusted with a position such as the managerial positions. It is good logic if a manager will be able to understand himself/herself, an attribute which the organization hiring him will be assured of actualization of the company. Indications of self-awareness include the ability to deal with personal stress among other complex activities they are expected to deal with (Wicklund, 2015). Self-awareness will help an individual identify what he/she likes and what he/she dislikes an aspect of effective living. When given managerial tasks, managers are expected to be capable of interpreting organizational desires which may prove helpful in the actualization process of the organization’s dream.
In understanding personal relationships, I am required to be equipped with skills in self-awareness. Self-awareness will help me define the boundaries which I aim at achieving within an outlined time. I will be able to decide on whom I want to choose to be involved with. Self-awareness will enable me to identify some of the goals I am for my future. I will be able to drive my actions towards achieving what I have desired when I apply self-awareness in my daily undertakings. Achieving the set desires is made easier when I am aware of who I am and who I want to be. Therefore, it is evident that self-actualization and self-awareness are well interconnected.
Decision Making
Decision making refers to the actions of coming up with crucial decisions about a certain matter (Bazerman, 2013). Decision making is a process which requires patience and good mastery of all the aspects of creativity and being critical about. In the lectures, there are two processes which have been taken up to discuss the decision-making process which is the Kepner-Tregoe methodology and decision making as discussed by Lau (2011). Applying Kepner- Tregoe’s approach to decision making is important since it validates for investigations on timing, trend, and impact of the decision to be made.
Managers are charged with making important decisions concerning the organizations they are working for (Janis & Mann, 2017). A manager is better placed to understand the needs of the organization better than any other employees because they sit in a position which generalizes all the other aspects of the organization.
In my managerial position earlier before I enrolled for training in the master’s degree, I was faced with a difficult situation in the business I was working for. Being held at a crossroad on which course of action to take in the management task proved to be a tricky situation for me because of the increased risks the business was headed to. I was expected to make a decision which would see to it that the business organization would be bought permanently with another business making our small business not count again as a business entity by itself. The offers made to us was appealing but the consequences that would come along with agreeing to the transaction would cause harm to all the employees and investors in the business. After critical considerations, I decided to turn down the offer and let our business run as an entity by itself. At first, the decision was considered bad but with time, the business grew back into its profitable ways. Way to go manager!!
Coming up with Conclusions
In the 6th week of the semester, the course outline reads that we should be able to tackle coming up with conclusions as a topic. Personally, I find this topic useful since conclusions are what we draw in everyday living. Our lives are puzzles which need a solution and the solution can only be arrived by making a good conclusion. The business world itself which most of us managers aim at venturing into our life experiences which require us to come up with comprehensive conclusions.
Decisions can either be simple, complex, chaotic, unclear or complicated depending on a person’s view of the same (Becket et al., 2017). Depending on the situation a person is placed in, it is important to come up with conclusions which best suit the situation they have been placed in. Conclusions are characterized in accordance with the problem which needs a solution. Complex problems will need complex solutions and so is the other forms of problems which better explain how the problem can be dealt with or what the problem entails or even what are the causes of the problems.
Conclusions are seen to be majorly important in identifying causes and possible means of correcting the problem (Schünemann et al., 2018). Problem identification is an essential aspect of management. Managers are expected to ensure that the organizations they are mandated to run, run smoothly. As a manager, I will be presented with various cases and scenarios which will require that I present a comprehensive conclusion. In personal life as well, I am expected to come up with conclusions concerning various aspects of daily living.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the essay written above has identified some of the potential applications of concepts being taught in the class. Application of such concepts in daily living and managerial positions is useful. A self-analysis essay is useful in identifying some of the potentialities which may be used to understand essential concepts.
References
Bazerman, M., & Moore, D. A. (2013). Judgment in managerial decision making.
Beckett, C., McKeigue, B., & Taylor, H. (2017). Coming to conclusions: social workers’ perceptions of the decision‐making process in care proceedings. Child & Family Social Work, 12(1), 54-63
Caldwell, C., & Hayes, L. A. (2016). Self-efficacy and self-awareness: moral insights to increased leader effectiveness. Journal of Management Development, 35(9), 1163-1173.
Charles, C., Gafni, A., & Whelan, T. (2016). Decision-making in the physician–patient encounter: revisiting the shared treatment decision-making model. Social science & medicine, 49(5), 651-661.
Janis, I. L., & Mann, L. (2017). Decision making: A psychological analysis of conflict, choice, and commitment. Free press.
Lau, J. Y. (2011). An introduction to critical thinking and creativity: Think more, think better. John Wiley & Sons.
McPeck, J. E. (2016). Critical thinking and education. Routledge.
Saaty, T. L. (2008). Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. International journal of services sciences, 1(1), 83-98.
Schünemann, H. J., Oxman, A. D., Vist, G. E., Higgins, J. P., Deeks, J. J., Glasziou, P., & Guyatt, G. H. (2018). Interpreting results and drawing conclusions. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions: Cochrane Book Series, 359-387.
Wicklund, R. A. (2015). Objective self-awareness. In Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 8, pp. 233-275). Academic Press.
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